Dehairing device



June 18, 1940. J, GoNsoR DEHAIRING DEVICE .Filed Aug' 5' 1958 3Sheets-Sheet 1 NMI mh; M.

J. GONSOR DEHAIRING DEVICE June 18, 1940.

Filed Aug. 5, 19:58

5 Sheets-Shea?I 2 lllllll mmm INVENTOR. n70/rb orzso BY ATTORNEY.

June 18', 1940, J. GoNsoR 2,204,755

` DEHAI'RING DEVICE Filed Aug. 5, 1938l 5 sheets-sheet s I N VENT OR.

mfg

ATTORNEY.

Patented June 18, 1940 UNITED sin entran 7 Claims.

The present invention relates to dehairing devices and has for its mainobject the provision of a dehairing device to be employed for dehairinghog carcasses.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of adehairing device which .may include a plurality of cleaning elements anda plurality of scraping elements arranged in an alternate relation, saidelements being arranged in a substantially radial formation and suitablymounted within a round rotatable frame structure'to adapt them to rotatetherewith for the purpose of scraping, cleaning and removing hair from acarcass.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of adehairing machine of the character indicated and in which the scrapingand cleaning elements may remain under a uniform and constant steampressure tending to maintain them in an extended position, with meansprovided whereby said cleaning and scraping elements may yield againstthe steam pressure when the same come in contact with the body of thecarcass.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of asuitable mechanism for utilizing steam for the objects hereinabove setforth.

With the above general objects in View and others that will appear asthe invention is better understood, the same consists in the novelconstruction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter morefully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointedout in the appended claims.

In the drawings forming a part of this application, and in which likedesignating characters refer to corresponding parts throughout theseveral views;

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View, partly in section, of the presentdevice;

Fig. 2 isa cross-sectional View, partly in elevatio-n along and throughline 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a'n elevational View on a reduced scale, taken from theopposite side of the device, the view illustrating the position of thedevice with relation to an animal carcass;

Fig. 4 is an edge elevational View of the device;

Fig. 5 is a diametrical cross-sectional view through the annular framestructure within which the mechanism of the device is adapted formounting;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale of a steam pipeconnection with a cylindrical shaft uponvwhich the frame is mounted; and

Said steam pipe and rests upon gasket Ill vwhich rests upon a resultingshoulder at one end of said enlarged bore I3 as is clearly seen in F'ig.6. On the opposite side of said flange I2 and between the outerperiphery of steam pipe I I and inner periphery of bore I3, packingV I5is stuffed which is maintained in its position by an annular boss Iiithrough which said steam pipe II extends. Said annular boss I6 has anannular projecting iiange I l through which a number of screws I8extend, the latter engaging the adjacent end of said cylindrical shaftIIJ. Nuts I9 provided at the'outer ends of said screws I8 and bearingagainst said ange I'I, constitute means for maintaining said boss I6 inan adjusted position within bore I3.

The device further includes a circular lateral wall plate 28 whichcarries centrally projecting therefrom and integrally formed therewith ahub extension ZI through which said cylindrical shaft I0 extends and towhich said cylindrical hub extension 2i is keyed by means of an oblongkey 22 entering into the adjacent body portion of said cylindrical hubextension ZI and av corresponding key slot 23 made in said cylindricalshaft Ill, as is clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 5. By virtue of thisarrangement cylindrical hub 2l including its circular side wall 2li willbe prevented from making rotary movement in dependently of saidcylindrical shaft Il?. To maintain the device from making longitudinalmovement upon said cylindrical shaft In, a screw 2li may be provided atone point of said cylindrical hub extension ZI which may extendtherethrough and engage said cylindrical shaft lil, as is seen in Fig.1.

Said circular lateral wall plate 2l) is provided at itsouter portionwith an integrally formed annular iiange 25, and at a meeting linebetween said circular lateral wall plate 2li and said annular flange 25,an annular, integrally formed and outwardly projecting manifold 26 isprovided. An adjustable connecting pipe 2l is provided for connectingcylindrical shaft lll with said annular manifold 26. Integrally formedwith said manifold 26 and at the outer face of said circular lateralwall plate 20 are four inwardly extending and substantially radiallyarranged branch pipes 28. Said circular side wall 20 is provided withoutlet openings 29 with which said branch pipes 28 communicate.

The mounting plate best shown in Fig. 7, includes a vertical plate 30,from the bottom edge of which a pair of oppositely disposed wing plates3| and 32 project. Said wing plates 3| and 32 are aixed to the innerface of circular lateral wall plate 23 by means of a plurality of' boltscrews 33 which extend through screw openings 34 made in said wingplates 3l and 32 and corresponding aligned openings in circular sideplate 2U. Interposed, however, between the inner face of said circularside plate 29 and the adjacent inner` faces of wing plates 3l and 32 aregaskets 35 which have openings aligned with screw openings 34 as well asopenings in alignment with outlet openings 29.

The vertical portion 35 of said mounting plate is provided with aplurality of screw openings 36 for the purpose hereinafter stated andwith an integrally formed pipe 31 which communicates with a transversevent 38 made in said vertical plate 30.

The device further includes four steam cylinders 39 one aixed to each ofsaid vertical plates 30 and to the side thereof which is adjacent towing plate 32. Each of said cylinders has a lateral and longitudinalextension 49 from which base plate 4I projects. Said base plate 4I isprovided with a plurality of aligned screw openings corresponding toscrew openings 35 by means of which each of said cylinders 39 is affixedto said vertical plate 30 by means of a corresponding plurality ofscrews 42. Interposed between said vertical plate 30 and cylinder plate4| is a gasket 43 and cylinder plate 4I is provided with an oblongopening 44 made longitudinally of said base plate 4I and adjacent one ofits ends, which opening 44 communicates with vent 45 made in saidcylinder 39. Each of said cylinders 39 has a closed end 46 and throughthe other open end it receives piston 41. Vent 45 is disposed adjacentend 4E of cylinder 39.

By virtue of the construction hereto-fore explained steam fed from steampipe l I is led to all cylinders 39 through cylindrical shaft I9,connecting pipe 31, manifold 26, branch pipes 28, outlet openings 29,pipes 31, vents 38, openings 44 and vents 45, and also through openingsin gaskets 35 and 43.

The outer end of said piston 41 is provided with a bearing head 48,which in its length equals to the diameter of cylinder 39, with theresultant end lugs 49 which are set within a pair of oblong recesses 5Umade longitudinally of each cylinder 39 and adjacent the open end ofeach cylinder 39. Thus said end lugs 49, being set within said recesses50 constitute means for uniformly guiding each of said pistons 41 in itslongitudinalshifting movement within cylinder 39. Received within eachof said piston bearing heads 48 is shaft 5l, the ends of which extendbeyond lugs 49 and pass through and engage heads 52 of a pair of levers53. Said heads 52 are provided with transverse recesses 54 whereincotter pins 55 passing through the outer ends of each shaft 5I, areadapted for positioning, as is clearly seen in Figs. l and 2.

The opposite ends of each pair of said levers 53 are likewise providedwith similar recessed heads 55 which are engaged by shafts 51 which passthrough the adjacent enlarged ends of rocker bars 58. Said shafts 51 aremaintained in position by means of cotter pins 59 positioned within saidrecessed heads 56.

Said circular side wall 20 is provided at its inner face with anintegrally formed annular wall' 55, which is provided at its free endwith an integral and outwardly extending rim ange 6I, whichdiametrically is co-extensive with flange 25. Said flanges 25 and 5l areprovided with opposed pairs of inwardly projecting sockets 62. Saidiianges 25 and Si are in a concentric relation with respect to thelongitudinal axis of cylindrical shaft I0, and all sockets 62 are at thesame distance from shaft I0.

Each of said rocker bars 58 is provided adjacent its central portionwith a transverse lateral extension 63 for receiving therethrough shaft64 the ends of which being positioned Within a pair of said sockets 62.Each of said shafts 64 is keyed to each pair of said sockets 62 by meansof screws 55 passing through screw openings 66 made in each socket B2.Rocker bar 58 is positioned upon shaft 54 for free pivotal movement, andeach sha-ft 64 is rigidly afxed to sockets 52 by means of screws @5.Each pair of diametrically, oppositely disposed rocker bars 58 isadapted to receive a scraping device which includes a base plate 61including its free inner end portion 68 by means of which said baseplate 61 is affixed t0 the free outer end of rocker bar 58 and by meansof a pair of screw bolts 69. Said base plate 61 is in an angularrelation with its end portions 68 in one direction, being the directionaway from the carcass when said scraping devices are in an operativeposition with its hide. Integrally formed with each of said base plates61 is a pair of lateral plates 10, which are in an angular relation withbase plate G1 said base plate 51 in one same direction.

Aixed by means of rivets 1I to said plates 1U is a pair of scrapingplates 12, which at their free edges are provided with indentations 13for the purpose of permitting continual ow of water as said scrapingplates 12 como in contact with the hide ci the carcass, therebypreventing complete wiping of the water .from the carcass hide as saidscraping plates 12 come in contact therewith. Otherwise, drying of thecarcass hide would ensue which in consequence might injure the hide assaid scraping plates 12 come in contact therewith. Said indentations 13are arranged alternately in two plates 12.

Each of the other pair of diametrically disposed free ends of rocker bar58 is adapted to receive a mounting plate 13 and a superimposed brushcarrying plate 14, the two plates by their inner ends being aiixed tothe outer free end of each rocker bar 58 by means of screw boltconnection 15. Both of said plates 13 and 14, and substantially at themeeting line thereof with the outermost termination of rocker bar 58,are bent in one direction which is the direction disposed away from thebody of the carcass as the brush devices come in contact therewith. Saidbrush carrying plates 14 have brushes 16, and to maintain said brushes16 in rigid position, said brush carrying plates 14 are affixed to saidmounting plates 13 by means of screws 11.

At points adjacent which rocker bars 58 project through annular wall G5the same is provided with enlarged openings 18, permitting anunobstructed swinging motion and shifting of said rocker bars 58 and oflevers 53 as the cleaning and brushing devices make angular swingingmoand which project from l Llo tion upon pivots 64 as they come incontact with the carcass hide. Made in annular wall 60 and in analternate relation with said openings 18 are circular openings 'F9 forpermitting ushing of the water as Well as falling out of the hair whichmay find itself within'said annular wall VBIJ. For analogous purpose anumber of circular openings 89 is made in the side wall 20.

It is observed that opening 44 is made oblong so as to assure anunimpeded passage of steam therethrough from vent 38 and into vent 45yand ,into cylinder 39 through the latter, regardless that vents 33 and45 may not be in proper alignment due to some possible imperfection ofaligning base plate 4l with plate 30 and their respective vent openings38 and 45.

Assuming that there is a uniform supply of steam to cylinders 39 throughvarious pipe connections and vents hereinabove described, the steam ineach cylinder 39, pressing upon the adjacent end of piston 4l, will urgesaid piston outwardly and maintain the same in an extended positionillustrated in the cross-sectional portions of Figs. 1 and 2. In thatposition end lugs 49 of piston bearing head 4B will remain within theouter ends of recesses 50, which in turn will maintain levers 53 inparallel relation with their respective cylinders 39. This position oflevers 53 will in turn maintain rocker bars 58 in an extended positionsubstantially co-extensive with the longitudinal axis of each cylinder39 and in a substantially radial position with respect to circular sidewall 2i), as is seen in full lines in Fig. 1.

This position of rocker bars 58 will in turn main-l tain the scrapingand brush devices in an extended position shown inl full lines in Figs.1 and 3.

When said scraping and brush devices shall come in contact with thecarcass hide during process of dehairing the same, the contactingpressure exerted upon said scraping and brush devices will tend to shiftthe same angularly upon their pivots 64 to assume a range of angularpositions which are intermediate between the position of said scrapingand brush devices shown in f'ull lines and illustrated in dotted linesin Fig. 1. When said scraping and brush devices are angularly shiftedupon their respective shafts 34 rocker bar 53 by its inner end will beshifted outwardly of annular wall 60 and through its respective opening13 to assume the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. This angularshifting movement of the inner end of rocker bar 58 Will in turn shiftlevers 53 both lengthwise and angularly with respect of their respectivecylinders 39, which shifting movement of said levers 53 will in turnshift piston 41 against the steam pressure within cylinder 39. It shouldbe noted, however, that piston 41 in its inwardly extended positionwithin cylinder 39 at no time closes vent 45, but reaches to aboutone-half of its area so as to assure constant presence as well asconstant supply of steam into the cylinder. W'hen contacting pressure atsaid scraping and brush devices is released, the same automatically tendto shift to their extended positions due to the pressure of steam Withincylinder 39 exerted upon piston 4l.

When the dehairing device herein described is brought quite close to thecarcass hide, and the same rotates, scraping plates 12 in each scrapingdevice Will both simultaneously contact the hide for exerting pullingpressure upon the hair, while said scraping device passes `past thecarcass hide and remains in an angularly shifted position.

Likewise brushes 16 contact by their entire faces the carcass hide whenthe brush devices shift past the carcass hide and are angularly shiftedas they come in contact therewith, assuming the position shown in Fig.3, the carcass being indicated by dotted lines and marked by 1B.

To rotate the entire dehairing device bodily including circular sidewall 20 and annular wall 69, and to bodily rotatably shift scraping andbrush devices, together with cylindrical shaft I0,

a suitable mechanism may be used, such as belt connection from a sourceof power or gear connection therewith. Since it is not only desirablebut necessary to bring the dehairing device close to the carcass thesame, including cylindrical.

hide contacting element pivotally mounted in said frame, for permittingsaid element to make angular shifting movement as the same comes incontact with the hide, a cylinder mounted in said frame, a piston insaid cylinder, said cylinder being adapted to receive a constant supplyof uid, and connecting means between said piston and said hidecontacting element, said connecting means being adapted to maintain saidhide contacting element in an extended position upon its pivot, saidfluid being adapted to shift said piston for the purpose of urging saidconnecting means for bringing said hide contacting element from itsangular position into its extended position.

2. A dehairing device comprising a rotatable frame, a plurality ofdehairing elements pivotally mounted in said frame and adapted torevolve with the frame as the same rotates, said dehairing elementsbeing arranged to swing outwardly to an extended hide engaging positionand to angularly shift upon their pivots to a retracted position whencoming in contact with the hide, and pneumatic means for normally urgingsaid dehairing elements to assume such extended position.

3. A dehairing machine comprising a rotatable circular frame, aplurality of hide contacting elements pivotally mounted in said frame,said elements remaining normally in extended positions upon theirrespective pivots, said elements being adapted to angularly shift whenthe same come in contact with the hide during the rotation of saidframe, means for urging said elements to assume their normal extendedpositions from their angular positions, said means including cylindersadapted to receive a constant and uniform supply of iluid, pistonswithin said cylinders, and pivotal connecting means between said pistonsand said elements.

4. A dehairing machine comprising a shaft, a circular wall mounted uponsaid shaft, an annular wall integrally formed with said circular wall,in an angular relation with said circular Wall and in a concentricrelation with said shaft, parallel and integrally formed anges extendingfrom said circular wall and said annular wall, a plurality of hidecontacting elements pivotally mounted within said flanges, means formainesr ytaining said hide contacting elements in an eX- tended andsubstantially radial position with respect to said circular wall, saidhide contacting elements being adapted to angularly shift as they comein contact with the hide, and pneumatic means for bringing said hidecontacting elements into their normal extended position when saidelements come out of contact with the hide.

5. In a dehairing machine, a rotatable shaft, a frame rigidly securedthereon, hide contacting elements pivoted to the frame, cylinderscarried by the frame, pistons reciprocable in said cylinders, leach ofsaid pistons being connected with one of said hide contacting elements,and means to place said cylinders in constant communication with asource of supply of fluid under pressure.

6. In a dehairing machine, a rotary carrier, a plurality of retractablearms, hide contacting elements carried by said arms, said arms beingpivotally mounted on the carrier, and uid pressure operated means forswinging said arms to normal projected hide engaging position.

7. In a dehairing machine, a hollow rotatable shaft, means to place saidhollow shaft in communication with a source of supply of fluid underpressure, a frame rigidly secured on said shaft, hide contactingelements pivoted to the frame, iluid pressure operated means forswinging said hide contacting elements to normal projected hide engagingposition, and means to place said fluid pressure operated means inconstant communication with said hollow shaft.

JOHN GONSOR.

